{"type":"FeatureCollection","name":"Pakistan Stratigraphy Explorer — Kirthar Basin (Lower Indus) type localities","license":"CC BY 4.0","source":"https://stratigraphy.pk","generated":"2026-10-07","features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[67.8867,26.1183]},"properties":{"id":"bara-formation","name":"Bara Formation","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/bara-formation","rank":"formation","era":"Cenozoic","period":"Paleogene","age":"Paleocene","basin":"Kirthar Basin","region":"Eastern Kirthar (Sindh)","provinces":"Sindh Province","lithology":"Fluviatile to paralic sandstone and shale with coal and carbonaceous beds.","economicResources":"Coal & lignite","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[72.98,31.72]},"properties":{"id":"chiniot-granite","name":"Chiniot Granite","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/chiniot-granite","rank":"","era":"Precambrian","period":"Neoproterozoic","age":"Precambrian (850-900 Ma)","basin":"","region":"","provinces":"Sindh Province; Indo-Pakistan Shield","lithology":"Pink biotite granite, aplite, pegmatite","economicResources":"","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[67.32,26.875]},"properties":{"id":"gaj-formation","name":"Gaj Formation","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/gaj-formation","rank":"","era":"Cenozoic","period":"Neogene","age":"Early Miocene","basin":"","region":"","provinces":"Kirthar Range; Sindh Province","lithology":"Variegated grey gypsiferous shale interbedded with calcareous, ferruginous, cross-bedded sandstone and fossiliferous argillaceous limestone.","economicResources":"","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[66.831371,27.802397]},"properties":{"id":"goru-formation","name":"Goru Formation","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/goru-formation","rank":"","era":"Mesozoic","period":"Cretaceous","age":"Early Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian)","basin":"","region":"","provinces":"Sulaiman Fold Belt; Kirthar Range; Sindh Province","lithology":"Interbedded limestone, shale and siltstone; lower part shalier (thin-bedded light limestone with splintery grey-olive shale), upper part thin-bedded porcellaneous limestone; grades up into the Parh Limestone.","economicResources":"Reservoir","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[67.8867,26.1183]},"properties":{"id":"khadro-formation","name":"Khadro Formation","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/khadro-formation","rank":"formation","era":"Cenozoic","period":"Paleogene","age":"Paleocene","basin":"Kirthar Basin","region":"Eastern Kirthar (Sindh)","provinces":"Sindh Province","lithology":"Basal limestone with oysters and reptile bones, overlain by olive to grey ferruginous fossiliferous sandstone and gypsiferous shale with fossiliferous limestone interbeds; includes basaltic lava flows.","economicResources":"","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[69.7833,30.4667]},"properties":{"id":"kingri-formation","name":"Kingri Formation","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/kingri-formation","rank":"formation","era":"Cenozoic","period":"Paleogene","age":"Eocene","basin":"Kirthar Basin","region":"Western Kirthar (Balochistan)","provinces":"Kirthar Range","lithology":"Continental to paralic sandstone and mudstone (molasse).","economicResources":"Coal & lignite","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[72.7,31.95]},"properties":{"id":"kirana-group","name":"Kirana Group","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/kirana-group","rank":"group","era":"Precambrian","period":"Neoproterozoic","age":"Precambrian (870 ± 40 Ma)","basin":"","region":"","provinces":"Sindh Province; Potwar Basin; Indo-Pakistan Shield","lithology":"Rhyolite, rhyolitic tuff, andesite, granite, diorite, gabbro","economicResources":"Building stone","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[68.0042,25.5458]},"properties":{"id":"lakhra-formation","name":"Lakhra Formation","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/lakhra-formation","rank":"formation","era":"Cenozoic","period":"Paleogene","age":"Paleocene","basin":"Kirthar Basin","region":"Eastern Kirthar (Sindh)","provinces":"Sindh Province","lithology":"Grey, thin- to thick-bedded nodular, sandy and locally argillaceous fossiliferous limestone with sandstone and shale interbeds in the upper part.","economicResources":"","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[67.94,25.73]},"properties":{"id":"laki-formation","name":"Laki Formation","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/laki-formation","rank":"","era":"Cenozoic","period":"Paleogene","age":"Early Eocene","basin":"","region":"","provinces":"Kirthar Range; Sindh Province","lithology":"Cream to grey limestone with subordinate marl, calcareous shale, sandstone and lateritic clay.","economicResources":"Reservoir; Cement & lime","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[67.673,26.423]},"properties":{"id":"manchar-formation","name":"Manchar Formation","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/manchar-formation","rank":"formation","era":"Cenozoic","period":"Neogene","age":"Miocene-Pliocene","basin":"Kirthar Basin","region":"","provinces":"Sindh Province; Kirthar Range","lithology":"Sandstone, clay, conglomerate (continental)","economicResources":"","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[70.71,24.35]},"properties":{"id":"nagarparkar-complex","name":"Nagarparkar Igneous Complex","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/nagarparkar-complex","rank":"","era":"Precambrian","period":"Neoproterozoic","age":"Precambrian (Malani Igneous Suite, ~750-770 Ma)","basin":"","region":"","provinces":"Sindh Province; Indo-Pakistan Shield","lithology":"Granite, rhyolite, basalt, granophyre","economicResources":"Building stone","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[67.32,26.875]},"properties":{"id":"nari-formation","name":"Nari Formation","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/nari-formation","rank":"","era":"Cenozoic","period":"Paleogene","age":"Oligocene","basin":"","region":"","provinces":"Kirthar Range; Sindh Province","lithology":"Brown, fine- to coarse-grained sandstone in the upper part with shale and subordinate limestone below.","economicResources":"Reservoir; Coal & lignite","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[67.0053,25.52]},"properties":{"id":"pab-sandstone","name":"Pab Sandstone","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/pab-sandstone","rank":"","era":"Mesozoic","period":"Cretaceous","age":"Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)","basin":"","region":"","provinces":"Sulaiman Fold Belt; Kirthar Range; Bela-Khuzdar","lithology":"White, cream or brown, thick-bedded to massive, cross-bedded, medium- to coarse-grained quartzose sandstone with subordinate argillaceous limestone and shale.","economicResources":"Reservoir","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[67.0958,26.9125]},"properties":{"id":"parh-limestone","name":"Parh Limestone","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/parh-limestone","rank":"","era":"Mesozoic","period":"Cretaceous","age":"Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian)","basin":"","region":"","provinces":"Sulaiman Fold Belt; Kirthar Range","lithology":"Very uniform, persistent, thin-bedded light-grey, white or cream porcellaneous limestone with a characteristic pink-purple-maroon band and interbeds of variegated shale and marl.","economicResources":"Metals & minerals","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[68.31,25.52]},"properties":{"id":"petaro-ridge-basement","name":"Petaro-Hyderabad Ridge","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/petaro-ridge-basement","rank":"","era":"Precambrian","period":"Proterozoic","age":"Precambrian","basin":"","region":"","provinces":"Sindh Province; Indo-Pakistan Shield","lithology":"Crystalline basement (granite, gneiss — subsurface)","economicResources":"Reservoir","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[67.9,25.9]},"properties":{"id":"ranikot-group","name":"Ranikot Group","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/ranikot-group","rank":"","era":"Cenozoic","period":"Paleogene","age":"Paleocene","basin":"","region":"","provinces":"Kirthar Range; Sindh Province; Sulaiman Fold Belt","lithology":"Sandstone, shale and limestone with coal, carbonaceous beds and basaltic lava flows.","economicResources":"Coal & lignite","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[68.58,29.9181]},"properties":{"id":"sembar-formation","name":"Sembar Formation","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/sembar-formation","rank":"","era":"Mesozoic","period":"Cretaceous","age":"Early Cretaceous (Berriasian-Barremian)","basin":"","region":"","provinces":"Sulaiman Fold Belt; Kirthar Range; Sindh Province","lithology":"Black, carbonaceous, pyritic shale with subordinate siltstone, sandstone and thin limestone; thins westward.","economicResources":"Source rock; Reservoir","status":"published"}},{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[68.3211,30.5478]},"properties":{"id":"spingwar-formation","name":"Spingwar Formation","url":"https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/spingwar-formation","rank":"formation","era":"Mesozoic","period":"Triassic","age":"Triassic–Jurassic","basin":"Kirthar Basin","region":"Western Kirthar (Balochistan)","provinces":"Kirthar Range","lithology":"Interbedded grey to black crystalline limestone, oolitic and shelly in places, with calcareous shale and sandstone interbeds in the lower part.","economicResources":"","status":"published"}}]}