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Pakistan Stratigraphy

Khyber-Hazara-Kashmir Basin (Uppermost Indus)

Khyber–Nowshera Belt

Khyber district, Jamrud and Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa · Northern Indus Suture; Peshawar-basin margin, Lesser Himalayan affinity

Lower Paleozoic to Mesozoic sequences of the Khyber ranges and the northern margin of the Peshawar Basin (Khyber Pass, Nowshera, Jamrud). Lesser-Himalayan / Indian-plate affinity carbonates, slates and quartzites along the Northern Indus Suture, distinct from the Hazara sub-basin to the east.

Units

27

Tectonic setting

Northern Indus Suture; Peshawar-basin margin, Lesser Himalayan affinity

This reference records 27 units in the Khyber–Nowshera Belt spanning 3 geological eras, most commonly metamorphic rocks, limestone, conglomerate.

Correlate with other provinces → Explore the basin → Filter all units →

At a glance

27
units
3
eras
5
georeferenced
5
with fossils
19
type localities
1,600 m
max thickness
16
sources

Rock types

  • metamorphic rocks (9)
  • limestone (8)
  • conglomerate (5)
  • igneous rocks (1)

Based on the primary lithology recorded for each unit; some units span more than one rock type.

Fossils recorded

  • Cruziana rugosa
  • Brachiopods
  • Corals
  • Conodonts (Famennian–Tournaisian zonal fauna)
  • Tabulate corals (Cladopora, Thamnopora, Favosites)
  • Heliolites
  • Crinoids
  • Conodonts (late Famennian)
  • Gastropods
  • Pelecypods
  • Ammonoids
  • Bryozoans
  • Fusulinids

Units in this province

27 units

Line these up against other basins on the correlation panel →

Era colours
  • Quaternary
  • Cenozoic
  • Mesozoic
  • Paleozoic
  • Precambrian
Khyber–Nowshera Belt
  1. Makai LimestoneCretaceous
  2. Khyber LimestoneFossils recordedCarboniferous–Permian
  3. Sikaram SeriesSilurian–Triassic
  4. Lowara Mena FormationCarboniferous
  5. Ali Masjid FormationFossils recordedDevonian–Carboniferous
  6. Bampokha Group
  7. Darwaza Formation
  8. Ghundai Sar FormationFossils recordedDevonian
  9. Inzari LimestoneDevonian
  10. Pir Sabak FormationFossils recordedDevonian
  11. Warran Ghundai FormationDevonian
  12. Shagai LimestoneSilurian–Devonian
  13. Daradar DolomiteSilurian–Devonian
  14. Spinghar QuartziteSilurian–Devonian
  15. Tursak FormationSilurian–Devonian
  16. Owsi Nala LimestoneSilurian
  17. Landikotal FormationOrdovician–Silurian
  18. Jobra FormationFossils recordedOrdovician
  19. Hisartang FormationOrdovician
  20. Ambar FormationCambrian
  21. Manki FormationPrecambrian
  22. Shahkot FormationPrecambrian
  23. Shekhai FormationPrecambrian
  24. Sobrah FormationPrecambrian
  25. Uch Khattak FormationPrecambrian
LimestoneShale / mudMetamorphicMixedFossils recordedUnconformityConformable

Band colour = period; texture = dominant rock type. Lines between bands mark the contact type (wavy = unconformity inferred from a missing period). True scale makes height ∝ recorded thickness; hatched = thickness not recorded. Ages approximate, for ordering.

Unordered units (2 — no assigned age)