Fossils
Fossils of Pakistan
Pakistan’s strata document the rise of apes and the birth of whales, alongside a billion years of marine life. Start with the landmark finds, or browse every fossil-bearing unit by group. 158 of 363 formations carry a recorded fossil note.
Landmark finds
Cenozoic
The first apes — Sivapithecus
The Potwar Siwaliks yielded Sivapithecus, an early great ape central to the debate over the origin of the orangutan lineage.
Cenozoic
The first whales
Eocene rocks of Punjab and Balochistan captured the move of mammals back to the sea — walking whales like Pakicetus and Ambulocetus.
Cenozoic
The Siwalik mammal fauna
River sediments shed off the rising Himalaya preserve one of Earth’s richest fossil-mammal records — elephants, rhinos, giraffes, horses, Deinotherium and Stegodon.
Mesozoic
Balochistan dinosaurs
Latest-Cretaceous beds of the Sulaiman region have produced titanosaur sauropod dinosaurs — among the few dinosaur finds in Pakistan.
Cenozoic
Eocene Nummulites
Coin-shaped larger foraminifera — Nummulites, Assilina, Alveolina — are so abundant they build entire limestones across the Eocene of Pakistan.
Precambrian
The earliest life — stromatolites
Layered microbial structures (stromatolites) and algal mats in the Precambrian record the oldest traces of life preserved in Pakistan’s rocks.
A–Z of named fossils
Every taxon and fossil group recorded across the dataset has its own page — the units that carry it, its stratigraphic range, and what it is found alongside. 229 in total; genera and species are shown in italics.
A
AcritarchsAlgaeAlgal matsAlveolinaAlveolina ellipticaAlveolina oblongaAlveolina vredenburgiAmbitesAmmonitesAmmonites (Bouleiceras)Ammonites, brachiopods, bivalves, crinoids, coralsAmmonoidsAmmonoids (Ceratites)Ammonoids (rare)Amphicyon cf. shahbaziAnchorhynchia cimmericaAnthracotherium sp.Assilina dandoticaAssilina daviesiAssilina ellipticaAssilina exponensAssilina granulosaAssilina laminosaAssilina mamillaAssilina pustulosaAssilina spinosa
B
Barbatia drougensisBasilosauridsBelemnitesBenthic foraminiferaBivalvesBivalves (lamellibranchs)BrachiopodsBrachiopods (Lingulella fuchsia, Botsfordia granulata)Brachiopods (Neobolus warthi, Lingulella)Brachiopods (productids)Brachiopods (Productus)Brohisaurus kirthariBryozoaBryozoansBullatimorphites bullatus
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D
E
F
G
H
I
K
L
Larger foraminiferaLarger foraminifera (Nummulites, Assilina)Last Paleozoic brachiopodsLepidocyclina blanfordiLepidocyclina dilatataLepidocyclina punjabensisLepidorbitoides socialisLinderina brugesiListriodon cf. guptaiListriodon pentapotomiaeLituonella douvilleiLockhartia conditiLockhartia haimeiLockhartia newboldiLockhartia tipperiLower Siwalik ('Chinji') mammal faunaLower Siwalik mammals (e.g. Eotragus)Lower Toarcian ammonites (Bouleiceras, Protogrammoceras); brachiopods, corals
M
N
O
P
PakicetusPakitherium shagalaiParacypris rectoventraParafusulina sp.Paraschwagerina sp.PelecypodsPermian invertebratesPlanktic foraminiferaPlanktonic foraminiferaPlanktonic foraminifera (Globotruncana spp.)Plant fossilsPlant fossils in upper partPlant fragmentsPlant remainsProductid brachiopodsProductidsProptychitesProtohaploxypinus spPterosaursPunctospirifer afghanus
R
S
T
V
W
Browse by fossil group
Mammals12 Reptiles, fish & other vertebrates8 Foraminifera65 Molluscs49 Ammonites & cephalopods24 Corals26 Brachiopods29 Echinoderms19 Bryozoans10 Trilobites8 Plants8 Stromatolites & algae11 Trace fossils11 Conodonts & ostracods21
Mammals
12Chamalang (=Ghazij) Group
Paleogene Early Eocene mammals
Chinji Formation
Neogene SivapithecusGiraffokeryxLower Siwalik ('Chinji') mammal fauna
Chitarwatta Formation
Paleogene Mammal fossilsPlant fossils
Drug Formation
Paleogene Walking whales (Ambulocetus)BasilosauridsLarger foraminifera
Kamlial Formation
Neogene Trilophodon cf. angustidensDinotherium indicumAmphicyon cf. shahbaziHyaenaelurus lahiriiAnthracotherium sp.Hemimeryx blanfordiListriodon cf. guptaiListriodon pentapotomiaeConohyus cf. sindiensis
Kuldana Formation
Paleogene PakicetusGandakasiaIchthyolestes
Lei Conglomerate
Quaternary Mammal fossilsStegodonEarly Paleolithic artifacts
Litra Formation
Neogene Middle Siwalik mammals (incl. hipparionine horses)
Manchar Formation
Neogene Siwalik-type mammal fossils
Murree Formation
Neogene Mammal bonesFreshwater molluscsPlant fossils
Nagri Formation
Neogene Middle Siwalik mammal faunaHipparionine (three-toed) horses
Vihowa Formation
Neogene Lower Siwalik mammals (e.g. Eotragus)
Reptiles, fish & other vertebrates
8Bugti Formation
Paleogene-Neogene Very rich vertebrate fauna ('Bugti Beds')
Gaj Formation
Neogene ForaminiferaMolluscsMarine vertebrates
Khadro Formation
Paleogene OystersReptile bonesForaminifera
Mianwali Formation
Triassic Claraia bivalvesOphiceras ammonoidsConodontsFish remainsGyronitesAmbitesProptychitesKoninckitesVavilovitesKingites
Nari Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaMolluscsShark teeth
Rawat Formation
Permian Permian invertebrates
Tredian Formation
Triassic Plant fragmentsVertebrate bones (rare)
Vitakri Formation
Cretaceous Titanosaurian sauropodsTheropod dinosaursMesoeucrocodyliansPterosaurs
Foraminifera
65Aghil Limestone
Triassic–Jurassic ForaminiferaAlgaeMegalodontidae (bivalves)Benthic foraminifera (Aulotortus friedli, Agathammina)
Ailak Formation
Triassic Fusulinid foraminifera (Nankinella, Sphaerulina)Dasyclad alga (Permocalculus)Tubiphytes
Amb Formation
Permian Brachiopods (Productus)CrinoidsBryozoansForaminifera
Ashtigar Formation
Jurassic Trigonia-type bivalvesBrachiopodsCrinoidsForaminiferaNannofossils
Baraul Banda Formation
Paleogene NummulitesDiscocyclinaActinocyclina
Borom Formation
Triassic ConodontsForaminiferaNeospathodus dieneriTriassospathodus homeri
Darkot Group
Carboniferous–Permian BryozoansForaminiferaBrachiopodsCrinoidsCoralsGastropods
Domanda Formation
Paleogene Nummulites beaumontiNummulites subbeaumontiAlveolina ellipticaDictyoconoides cooki
Drazinda Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaBivalvesBryozoansEchinoids
Drug Formation
Paleogene Walking whales (Ambulocetus)BasilosauridsLarger foraminifera
Dungan Formation
Paleogene Larger benthic foraminifera (Alveolina, Nummulites, Discocyclina, Assilina, Ranikothalia, Miscellanea, Lockhartia)Planktonic foraminifera (Morozovella)Red algaeBryozoansCorals
Gaj Formation
Neogene ForaminiferaMolluscsMarine vertebrates
Goru Formation
Cretaceous ForaminiferaAmmonitesBivalves
Guhjal Dolomite
Triassic megalodontid bivalves (Triassic)colonial scleractinian corals (Triassic)Parafusulina sp. (Permian base)
Gurguri Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaMollusks
Habib Rahi Formation
Paleogene Larger foraminifera (Nummulites, Assilina)GastropodsEchinoids
Hangu Formation
Paleogene Miscellanea miscellaLockhartia haimeiLockhartia conditiLepidocyclina punjabensisOperculina canaliferaDaviesina longhami
Hinglaj Formation
Neogene Assilina mamillaFasciolites borealisDiscocyclina undulataLepidocyclina blanfordiLepidocyclina dilatataNummulites atacicusNummulites fichteliNummulites intermediusSpiroclypeus sp.
Hoshab Formation
Paleogene-Neogene Planktonic foraminiferaTrace fossils
Ini Sar Formation
Permian Fusulinids (Schubertella, Yangchienia, Chusenella, Neoschwagerina spp.)BrachiopodsCrinoidsBryozoansSphinctozoans
Khadro Formation
Paleogene OystersReptile bonesForaminifera
Kharan Formation
Paleogene Assilina granulosaAssilina exponensAssilina ellipticaFasciolites oblongaDiscocyclina ranikotensisFlosculina globosaLituonella douvilleiOpertorbitolites douvillei
Khojak Formation
Paleogene Lepidocyclina dilatataNummulites fichteliNummulites intermediusNummulites vascusNummulites atacicusAssilina granulosaDictyoconoides cooki
Khyber Limestone
Carboniferous–Permian BrachiopodsGastropodsPelecypodsAmmonoidsBryozoansFusulinids
Kingriali Formation
Triassic Megalodont bivalvesGastropodsForaminifera
Kirthar Formation
Paleogene NummulitesLarger foraminifera
Kirthar Group
Paleogene Larger benthic foraminifera (Nummulites, Assilina)Molluscs
Kohat Formation
Paleogene Assilina exponens
Lakhra Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaCoralsMolluscs
Laki Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaGastropodsBivalvesEchinoidsAlgae
Lockhart Limestone
Paleogene Operculina subsalsaMiscellanea miscellaMiscellanea stampiLockhartia haimeiLockhartia newboldiLepidocyclina punjabensisDiscocyclina ranikotensis
Loralai Formation
Jurassic AmmonitesBelemnitesBivalvesForaminifera
Margala Hill Limestone
Paleogene Nummulites mamillatusNummulites atacicusAssilina spinosaAssilina laminosaAssilina granulosaAssilina exponensLockhartia tipperiLockhartia conditiAlveolinaOperculinaMiliolidsGastropodsEchinoids
Mona Jhal Group
Cretaceous Planktic foraminiferaAmmonites
Mughal Kot Formation
Cretaceous AmmonitesForaminiferaBivalves
Nammal Formation
Paleogene Planktonic foraminiferaNannofossils
Nari Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaMolluscsShark teeth
Nisai Limestone
Paleogene Miscellanea miscellaOther larger foraminiferaAlgae
Ormara Formation
Neogene Bivalves (lamellibranchs)GastropodsForaminifera
Panjgur Formation
Paleogene–Neogene ForaminiferaTrace fossils
Panoba Formation
Paleogene Globorotalia aequaGloborotalia quadrataAssilina pustulosaOrbitolites complanatusNummulites sp.
Parh Limestone
Cretaceous Planktonic foraminifera (Globotruncana spp.)
Parkini Formation
Neogene Benthic foraminiferaMollusks
Patala Formation
Paleogene Planktonic foraminiferaCalcareous nannofossilsDinoflagellates
Pirkoh Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaGastropodsBivalvesEchinoids
Rakhshani Formation
Cretaceous–Paleogene Alveolina vredenburgiFlosculina globosaMiscellanea miscellaSaudia labyrinthica
Ranikot Group
Paleogene Larger foraminiferaGastropodsPlant fossils in upper part
Reshit Formation
Jurassic ForaminiferaOstracodsCrinoidsCoralsEchinoidsBrachiopodsAmmonites
Reshun Formation
Cretaceous MegalodonCoralsForaminifera
Saindak Formation
Paleogene Assilina dandoticaAssilina exponensFasciolites oblongaLinderina brugesiOpertorbitolites douvilleiEchinolampas nummuliticaVelates perversus
Sakesar Formation
Paleogene Nummulites mamillatusNummulites atacicusAssilina spinosaAssilina granulosaAssilina laminosaAlveolinaLockhartia tipperiLockhartia conditiDiscocyclinaGastropodsEchinoids
Samana Suk Formation
Jurassic CoralsBrachiopodsEchinoidsForaminiferaAlgae
Sangiali Formation
Paleogene Larger foraminiferaGastropods
Sembar Formation
Cretaceous AmmonitesBelemnitesForaminifera
Shaheed Ghat Formation
Paleogene NummulitesGastropodsBivalves
Shaksgam Formation
Permian Parafusulina sp.Paraschwagerina sp.Neoschwagerina sp.
Shekhan Formation
Paleogene Orbitolites complanatusAlveolina oblongaAlveolina vredenburgiAssilina daviesiAssilina laminosaAssilina dandoticaNummulites atacicusCoralsGastropodsEchinoidsDiscocyclina dispensaDiscocyclina fortsiAssilina exponensNummulites
Shinawari Formation
Jurassic AmmonitesBivalvesForaminifera
Siahan Formation
Paleogene Deep water foraminiferaTrace fossils
Sinjrani Volcanic Group
Cretaceous AlgaeForaminiferaCorals (in limestone interbeds)
Tekri Formation
Jurassic SpongesGastropodsOstreidsForaminifera
Wargal Limestone
Permian Productid brachiopodsFusulinid foraminiferaCoralsGastropodsCephalopods
Yashkuk Formation
Jurassic Benthic foraminiferaCalcareous algaeNannofossilsOstracods
Yasin Group
Cretaceous OrbitolinaRudists (Hippurites)
Zaluch Group
Permian Brachiopods (productids)FusulinidsBryozoa
Molluscs
49Aghil Limestone
Triassic–Jurassic ForaminiferaAlgaeMegalodontidae (bivalves)Benthic foraminifera (Aulotortus friedli, Agathammina)
Ashtigar Formation
Jurassic Trigonia-type bivalvesBrachiopodsCrinoidsForaminiferaNannofossils
Bauma Harel Formation
Cretaceous–Paleogene turritellid gastropods
Bibai Formation
Cretaceous bivalvesbrachiopodsgastropods
Darkot Group
Carboniferous–Permian BryozoansForaminiferaBrachiopodsCrinoidsCoralsGastropods
Darwaz An Formation
Jurassic Large to giant bivalves (pernids, ostreids; Lithiotis-facies)Turriculate gastropodsThaumatoporella parvovesiculiferaAmijiella amijiPseudocyclammina liasicaSiphovalvulina variabilisPlaninvoluta carinata
Datta Formation
Jurassic Plant fossilsCoal tracesFreshwater bivalves
Drazinda Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaBivalvesBryozoansEchinoids
Gaj Formation
Neogene ForaminiferaMolluscsMarine vertebrates
Goru Formation
Cretaceous ForaminiferaAmmonitesBivalves
Guhjal Dolomite
Triassic megalodontid bivalves (Triassic)colonial scleractinian corals (Triassic)Parafusulina sp. (Permian base)
Gurguri Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaMollusks
Habib Rahi Formation
Paleogene Larger foraminifera (Nummulites, Assilina)GastropodsEchinoids
Jiwani Formation
Quaternary MollusksCorals
Jutana Formation
Cambrian Trilobites (Redlichia noetlingi)Brachiopods (Lingulella fuchsia, Botsfordia granulata)Gastropods
Khadro Formation
Paleogene OystersReptile bonesForaminifera
Khyber Limestone
Carboniferous–Permian BrachiopodsGastropodsPelecypodsAmmonoidsBryozoansFusulinids
Kingriali Formation
Triassic Megalodont bivalvesGastropodsForaminifera
Kirthar Group
Paleogene Larger benthic foraminifera (Nummulites, Assilina)Molluscs
Lakhra Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaCoralsMolluscs
Laki Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaGastropodsBivalvesEchinoidsAlgae
Loralai Formation
Jurassic AmmonitesBelemnitesBivalvesForaminifera
Lumshiwal Formation
Cretaceous oysters
Lun Shale
Silurian–Devonian Ammonoids (rare)Bivalves
Margala Hill Limestone
Paleogene Nummulites mamillatusNummulites atacicusAssilina spinosaAssilina laminosaAssilina granulosaAssilina exponensLockhartia tipperiLockhartia conditiAlveolinaOperculinaMiliolidsGastropodsEchinoids
Mianwali Formation
Triassic Claraia bivalvesOphiceras ammonoidsConodontsFish remainsGyronitesAmbitesProptychitesKoninckitesVavilovitesKingites
Moro Formation
Cretaceous OrbitoidesOrbitellabivalvesbrachiopodsgastropods
Mughal Kot Formation
Cretaceous AmmonitesForaminiferaBivalves
Murree Formation
Neogene Mammal bonesFreshwater molluscsPlant fossils
Musakhel Group
Triassic Ammonoids (Ceratites)Bivalves
Nari Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaMolluscsShark teeth
Nowshera Formation
Devonian CoralsStromatoporoidsCephalopodsGastropodsBrachiopodsConodonts
Ormara Formation
Neogene Bivalves (lamellibranchs)GastropodsForaminifera
Pab Sandstone
Cretaceous BivalvesGastropodsTrace fossils
Panjpir Formation
Ordovician–Silurian CrinoidsPelecypodsCephalopodsNautiloidsConodonts
Parkini Formation
Neogene Benthic foraminiferaMollusks
Pirkoh Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaGastropodsBivalvesEchinoids
Ranikot Group
Paleogene Larger foraminiferaGastropodsPlant fossils in upper part
Sakesar Formation
Paleogene Nummulites mamillatusNummulites atacicusAssilina spinosaAssilina granulosaAssilina laminosaAlveolinaLockhartia tipperiLockhartia conditiDiscocyclinaGastropodsEchinoids
Sangiali Formation
Paleogene Larger foraminiferaGastropods
Shaheed Ghat Formation
Paleogene NummulitesGastropodsBivalves
Shaigalu Member
Paleogene–Neogene molluscsgastropods
Shekhan Formation
Paleogene Orbitolites complanatusAlveolina oblongaAlveolina vredenburgiAssilina daviesiAssilina laminosaAssilina dandoticaNummulites atacicusCoralsGastropodsEchinoidsDiscocyclina dispensaDiscocyclina fortsiAssilina exponensNummulites
Shinawari Formation
Jurassic AmmonitesBivalvesForaminifera
Spingwar Formation
Triassic Ammonites, brachiopods, bivalves, crinoids, corals
Surghar Group
Jurassic Ammonites (Bouleiceras)BrachiopodsBivalves
Tekri Formation
Jurassic SpongesGastropodsOstreidsForaminifera
Toi Formation
Paleogene Freshwater bivalvesGastropodsPlant remains
Wargal Limestone
Permian Productid brachiopodsFusulinid foraminiferaCoralsGastropodsCephalopods
Ammonites & cephalopods
24Bdongo-La Formation
Jurassic CoralsAmmonites
Chashmai Kharsai Formation
Cretaceous Belemnites
Chhidru Formation
Permian Last Paleozoic brachiopodsAmmonoidsDiminished fauna near topAcritarchsTasmanitids
Chichali Formation
Jurassic-Cretaceous Ammonites
Goru Formation
Cretaceous ForaminiferaAmmonitesBivalves
Khyber Limestone
Carboniferous–Permian BrachiopodsGastropodsPelecypodsAmmonoidsBryozoansFusulinids
Loralai Formation
Jurassic AmmonitesBelemnitesBivalvesForaminifera
Lun Shale
Silurian–Devonian Ammonoids (rare)Bivalves
Marsikhel Formation
Cretaceous Belemnites
Mianwali Formation
Triassic Claraia bivalvesOphiceras ammonoidsConodontsFish remainsGyronitesAmbitesProptychitesKoninckitesVavilovitesKingites
Mona Jhal Group
Cretaceous Planktic foraminiferaAmmonites
Mughal Kot Formation
Cretaceous AmmonitesForaminiferaBivalves
Musakhel Group
Triassic Ammonoids (Ceratites)Bivalves
Nowshera Formation
Devonian CoralsStromatoporoidsCephalopodsGastropodsBrachiopodsConodonts
Panjpir Formation
Ordovician–Silurian CrinoidsPelecypodsCephalopodsNautiloidsConodonts
Reshit Formation
Jurassic ForaminiferaOstracodsCrinoidsCoralsEchinoidsBrachiopodsAmmonites
Sarikol Shale
Devonian nautiloids (Devonian)
Sembar Formation
Cretaceous AmmonitesBelemnitesForaminifera
Shinawari Formation
Jurassic AmmonitesBivalvesForaminifera
Shirinab Formation
Triassic-Jurassic Lower Toarcian ammonites (Bouleiceras, Protogrammoceras); brachiopods, corals
Spingwar Formation
Triassic Ammonites, brachiopods, bivalves, crinoids, corals
Surghar Group
Jurassic Ammonites (Bouleiceras)BrachiopodsBivalves
Vandanil Formation
Devonian Conodonts (Pandorinellina steinhornensis miae, Ozarkodina spp., Amydrotaxis spp.)CrinoidsBrachiopodsTabulate coralsRugosansCalcareous algaeNautiloids
Wargal Limestone
Permian Productid brachiopodsFusulinid foraminiferaCoralsGastropodsCephalopods
Corals
26Ali Masjid Formation
Devonian–Carboniferous BrachiopodsCoralsConodonts (Famennian–Tournaisian zonal fauna)
Bdongo-La Formation
Jurassic CoralsAmmonites
Chalt Formation
Carboniferous–Permian BryozoansFenestellaProductidsCorals
Chilmarabad Formation
Devonian Tabulate corals (Thamnopora, Pachycanalicula)Calcareous alga (Pseudopalaeoporella)Stromatoporoids
Chiltan Limestone
Jurassic Corals
Darkot Group
Carboniferous–Permian BryozoansForaminiferaBrachiopodsCrinoidsCoralsGastropods
Dungan Formation
Paleogene Larger benthic foraminifera (Alveolina, Nummulites, Discocyclina, Assilina, Ranikothalia, Miscellanea, Lockhartia)Planktonic foraminifera (Morozovella)Red algaeBryozoansCorals
Ghundai Sar Formation
Devonian Tabulate corals (Cladopora, Thamnopora, Favosites)HeliolitesCrinoidsConodonts (late Famennian)
Guhjal Dolomite
Triassic megalodontid bivalves (Triassic)colonial scleractinian corals (Triassic)Parafusulina sp. (Permian base)
Jiwani Formation
Quaternary MollusksCorals
Jobra Formation
Ordovician Cruziana rugosa
Kawagarh Formation
Cretaceous Globotruncana lapparentiGlobotruncana linneianaDicarinella carinataRugoglobigerina rugosaHeterohelix globulosaGlobotruncanita stuartiformis
Lakhra Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaCoralsMolluscs
Misri Banda Quartzite
Ordovician Cruziana rugosa (trace fossils)Skolithos burrows
Nowshera Formation
Devonian CoralsStromatoporoidsCephalopodsGastropodsBrachiopodsConodonts
Pir Sabak Formation
Devonian Corals
Reshit Formation
Jurassic ForaminiferaOstracodsCrinoidsCoralsEchinoidsBrachiopodsAmmonites
Reshun Formation
Cretaceous MegalodonCoralsForaminifera
Samana Suk Formation
Jurassic CoralsBrachiopodsEchinoidsForaminiferaAlgae
Shekhan Formation
Paleogene Orbitolites complanatusAlveolina oblongaAlveolina vredenburgiAssilina daviesiAssilina laminosaAssilina dandoticaNummulites atacicusCoralsGastropodsEchinoidsDiscocyclina dispensaDiscocyclina fortsiAssilina exponensNummulites
Shirinab Formation
Triassic-Jurassic Lower Toarcian ammonites (Bouleiceras, Protogrammoceras); brachiopods, corals
Shogram Formation
Devonian Rugose coralsBrachiopodsConodontsTrilobites (Neocalmonia chitralensis, N. batillifera orientalis)
Sinjrani Volcanic Group
Cretaceous AlgaeForaminiferaCorals (in limestone interbeds)
Spingwar Formation
Triassic Ammonites, brachiopods, bivalves, crinoids, corals
Vandanil Formation
Devonian Conodonts (Pandorinellina steinhornensis miae, Ozarkodina spp., Amydrotaxis spp.)CrinoidsBrachiopodsTabulate coralsRugosansCalcareous algaeNautiloids
Wargal Limestone
Permian Productid brachiopodsFusulinid foraminiferaCoralsGastropodsCephalopods
Brachiopods
29Ali Masjid Formation
Devonian–Carboniferous BrachiopodsCoralsConodonts (Famennian–Tournaisian zonal fauna)
Amb Formation
Permian Brachiopods (Productus)CrinoidsBryozoansForaminifera
Ashtigar Formation
Jurassic Trigonia-type bivalvesBrachiopodsCrinoidsForaminiferaNannofossils
Baroghil Group
Ordovician–Silurian AcritarchsConodontsBrachiopods
Bibai Formation
Cretaceous bivalvesbrachiopodsgastropods
Chalt Formation
Carboniferous–Permian BryozoansFenestellaProductidsCorals
Charun Quartzite
Devonian Brachiopod moulds (poorly preserved)Conodonts (in beds transitional to the Shogrâm Formation)
Chhidru Formation
Permian Last Paleozoic brachiopodsAmmonoidsDiminished fauna near topAcritarchsTasmanitids
Darkot Group
Carboniferous–Permian BryozoansForaminiferaBrachiopodsCrinoidsCoralsGastropods
Gircha Formation
Permian Trigonotreta stokesiSpirelytha petaliformisPunctospirifer afghanusEurydesma sp.
Ini Sar Formation
Permian Fusulinids (Schubertella, Yangchienia, Chusenella, Neoschwagerina spp.)BrachiopodsCrinoidsBryozoansSphinctozoans
Jutana Formation
Cambrian Trilobites (Redlichia noetlingi)Brachiopods (Lingulella fuchsia, Botsfordia granulata)Gastropods
Khyber Limestone
Carboniferous–Permian BrachiopodsGastropodsPelecypodsAmmonoidsBryozoansFusulinids
Kussak Formation
Cambrian Trilobites (Redlichia noetlingi)Brachiopods (Neobolus warthi, Lingulella)Hyolithes wynnei
Margach Formation
Devonian–Carboniferous Brachiopods (spiriferids, productoids)ConodontsReceptaculites
Moro Formation
Cretaceous OrbitoidesOrbitellabivalvesbrachiopodsgastropods
Nowshera Formation
Devonian CoralsStromatoporoidsCephalopodsGastropodsBrachiopodsConodonts
Reshit Formation
Jurassic ForaminiferaOstracodsCrinoidsCoralsEchinoidsBrachiopodsAmmonites
Ribat Formation
Carboniferous Conodonts (Gnathodus, Siphonodella lobata)Brachiopods (spiriferids, productoids)Crinoids
Samana Suk Formation
Jurassic CoralsBrachiopodsEchinoidsForaminiferaAlgae
Sardhai Formation
Permian BrachiopodsBryozoansCrinoids
Shirinab Formation
Triassic-Jurassic Lower Toarcian ammonites (Bouleiceras, Protogrammoceras); brachiopods, corals
Shogram Formation
Devonian Rugose coralsBrachiopodsConodontsTrilobites (Neocalmonia chitralensis, N. batillifera orientalis)
Spingwar Formation
Triassic Ammonites, brachiopods, bivalves, crinoids, corals
Surghar Group
Jurassic Ammonites (Bouleiceras)BrachiopodsBivalves
Vandanil Formation
Devonian Conodonts (Pandorinellina steinhornensis miae, Ozarkodina spp., Amydrotaxis spp.)CrinoidsBrachiopodsTabulate coralsRugosansCalcareous algaeNautiloids
Warchha Sandstone
Permian BrachiopodsBryozoans
Wargal Limestone
Permian Productid brachiopodsFusulinid foraminiferaCoralsGastropodsCephalopods
Zaluch Group
Permian Brachiopods (productids)FusulinidsBryozoa
Echinoderms
19Amb Formation
Permian Brachiopods (Productus)CrinoidsBryozoansForaminifera
Ashtigar Formation
Jurassic Trigonia-type bivalvesBrachiopodsCrinoidsForaminiferaNannofossils
Darkot Group
Carboniferous–Permian BryozoansForaminiferaBrachiopodsCrinoidsCoralsGastropods
Drazinda Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaBivalvesBryozoansEchinoids
Ghundai Sar Formation
Devonian Tabulate corals (Cladopora, Thamnopora, Favosites)HeliolitesCrinoidsConodonts (late Famennian)
Habib Rahi Formation
Paleogene Larger foraminifera (Nummulites, Assilina)GastropodsEchinoids
Ini Sar Formation
Permian Fusulinids (Schubertella, Yangchienia, Chusenella, Neoschwagerina spp.)BrachiopodsCrinoidsBryozoansSphinctozoans
Laki Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaGastropodsBivalvesEchinoidsAlgae
Margala Hill Limestone
Paleogene Nummulites mamillatusNummulites atacicusAssilina spinosaAssilina laminosaAssilina granulosaAssilina exponensLockhartia tipperiLockhartia conditiAlveolinaOperculinaMiliolidsGastropodsEchinoids
Panjpir Formation
Ordovician–Silurian CrinoidsPelecypodsCephalopodsNautiloidsConodonts
Pirkoh Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaGastropodsBivalvesEchinoids
Reshit Formation
Jurassic ForaminiferaOstracodsCrinoidsCoralsEchinoidsBrachiopodsAmmonites
Ribat Formation
Carboniferous Conodonts (Gnathodus, Siphonodella lobata)Brachiopods (spiriferids, productoids)Crinoids
Sakesar Formation
Paleogene Nummulites mamillatusNummulites atacicusAssilina spinosaAssilina granulosaAssilina laminosaAlveolinaLockhartia tipperiLockhartia conditiDiscocyclinaGastropodsEchinoids
Samana Suk Formation
Jurassic CoralsBrachiopodsEchinoidsForaminiferaAlgae
Sardhai Formation
Permian BrachiopodsBryozoansCrinoids
Shekhan Formation
Paleogene Orbitolites complanatusAlveolina oblongaAlveolina vredenburgiAssilina daviesiAssilina laminosaAssilina dandoticaNummulites atacicusCoralsGastropodsEchinoidsDiscocyclina dispensaDiscocyclina fortsiAssilina exponensNummulites
Spingwar Formation
Triassic Ammonites, brachiopods, bivalves, crinoids, corals
Vandanil Formation
Devonian Conodonts (Pandorinellina steinhornensis miae, Ozarkodina spp., Amydrotaxis spp.)CrinoidsBrachiopodsTabulate coralsRugosansCalcareous algaeNautiloids
Bryozoans
10Amb Formation
Permian Brachiopods (Productus)CrinoidsBryozoansForaminifera
Chalt Formation
Carboniferous–Permian BryozoansFenestellaProductidsCorals
Darkot Group
Carboniferous–Permian BryozoansForaminiferaBrachiopodsCrinoidsCoralsGastropods
Drazinda Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaBivalvesBryozoansEchinoids
Dungan Formation
Paleogene Larger benthic foraminifera (Alveolina, Nummulites, Discocyclina, Assilina, Ranikothalia, Miscellanea, Lockhartia)Planktonic foraminifera (Morozovella)Red algaeBryozoansCorals
Ini Sar Formation
Permian Fusulinids (Schubertella, Yangchienia, Chusenella, Neoschwagerina spp.)BrachiopodsCrinoidsBryozoansSphinctozoans
Khyber Limestone
Carboniferous–Permian BrachiopodsGastropodsPelecypodsAmmonoidsBryozoansFusulinids
Sardhai Formation
Permian BrachiopodsBryozoansCrinoids
Warchha Sandstone
Permian BrachiopodsBryozoans
Zaluch Group
Permian Brachiopods (productids)FusulinidsBryozoa
Trilobites
8Baghanwala Formation
Cambrian Trace fossilsTrilobites (rare)
Jobra Formation
Ordovician Cruziana rugosa
Jutana Formation
Cambrian Trilobites (Redlichia noetlingi)Brachiopods (Lingulella fuchsia, Botsfordia granulata)Gastropods
Khewra Sandstone
Cambrian Trilobite trails (trace fossils)Skolithos burrowsCruziana traces
Kussak Formation
Cambrian Trilobites (Redlichia noetlingi)Brachiopods (Neobolus warthi, Lingulella)Hyolithes wynnei
Misri Banda Quartzite
Ordovician Cruziana rugosa (trace fossils)Skolithos burrows
Shogram Formation
Devonian Rugose coralsBrachiopodsConodontsTrilobites (Neocalmonia chitralensis, N. batillifera orientalis)
Yarkhun Formation
Ordovician Conodonts (Baltoniodus cf. medius)AcritarchsTrace fossils (Cruziana, Planolites)
Plants
8Chitarwatta Formation
Paleogene Mammal fossilsPlant fossils
Datta Formation
Jurassic Plant fossilsCoal tracesFreshwater bivalves
Ghazij Group
Paleogene Plant fossilsFreshwater faunaMarginal marine fauna
Indus Formation
Cretaceous Rare plant fossilsTrace fossils
Murree Formation
Neogene Mammal bonesFreshwater molluscsPlant fossils
Ranikot Group
Paleogene Larger foraminiferaGastropodsPlant fossils in upper part
Toi Formation
Paleogene Freshwater bivalvesGastropodsPlant remains
Tredian Formation
Triassic Plant fragmentsVertebrate bones (rare)
Stromatolites & algae
11Abbottabad Formation
Cambrian StromatolitesTrace fossils
Aghil Limestone
Triassic–Jurassic ForaminiferaAlgaeMegalodontidae (bivalves)Benthic foraminifera (Aulotortus friedli, Agathammina)
Dungan Formation
Paleogene Larger benthic foraminifera (Alveolina, Nummulites, Discocyclina, Assilina, Ranikothalia, Miscellanea, Lockhartia)Planktonic foraminifera (Morozovella)Red algaeBryozoansCorals
Hazara Formation
Neoproterozoic Stromatolites (rare)
Laki Formation
Paleogene ForaminiferaGastropodsBivalvesEchinoidsAlgae
Nisai Limestone
Paleogene Miscellanea miscellaOther larger foraminiferaAlgae
Salt Range Formation
Ediacaran StromatolitesAlgal mats
Samana Suk Formation
Jurassic CoralsBrachiopodsEchinoidsForaminiferaAlgae
Sinjrani Volcanic Group
Cretaceous AlgaeForaminiferaCorals (in limestone interbeds)
Vandanil Formation
Devonian Conodonts (Pandorinellina steinhornensis miae, Ozarkodina spp., Amydrotaxis spp.)CrinoidsBrachiopodsTabulate coralsRugosansCalcareous algaeNautiloids
Yashkuk Formation
Jurassic Benthic foraminiferaCalcareous algaeNannofossilsOstracods
Trace fossils
11Abbottabad Formation
Cambrian StromatolitesTrace fossils
Baghanwala Formation
Cambrian Trace fossilsTrilobites (rare)
Datta Formation
Jurassic Plant fossilsCoal tracesFreshwater bivalves
Hoshab Formation
Paleogene-Neogene Planktonic foraminiferaTrace fossils
Indus Formation
Cretaceous Rare plant fossilsTrace fossils
Khewra Sandstone
Cambrian Trilobite trails (trace fossils)Skolithos burrowsCruziana traces
Misri Banda Quartzite
Ordovician Cruziana rugosa (trace fossils)Skolithos burrows
Pab Sandstone
Cretaceous BivalvesGastropodsTrace fossils
Panjgur Formation
Paleogene–Neogene ForaminiferaTrace fossils
Siahan Formation
Paleogene Deep water foraminiferaTrace fossils
Yarkhun Formation
Ordovician Conodonts (Baltoniodus cf. medius)AcritarchsTrace fossils (Cruziana, Planolites)
Conodonts & ostracods
21Ali Masjid Formation
Devonian–Carboniferous BrachiopodsCoralsConodonts (Famennian–Tournaisian zonal fauna)
Baroghil Group
Ordovician–Silurian AcritarchsConodontsBrachiopods
Borom Formation
Triassic ConodontsForaminiferaNeospathodus dieneriTriassospathodus homeri
Charun Quartzite
Devonian Brachiopod moulds (poorly preserved)Conodonts (in beds transitional to the Shogrâm Formation)
Chikchi-ri Shale
Triassic Conodonts (Neospathodus homeri)Meandrospira pusilla
Ghundai Sar Formation
Devonian Tabulate corals (Cladopora, Thamnopora, Favosites)HeliolitesCrinoidsConodonts (late Famennian)
Jafar Kandao Formation
Devonian–Carboniferous Conodonts
Kashala Formation
Triassic Conodonts
Kundil Formation
Permian Conodonts (Lopingian: Clarkina, Iranognathus)
Margach Formation
Devonian–Carboniferous Brachiopods (spiriferids, productoids)ConodontsReceptaculites
Mianwali Formation
Triassic Claraia bivalvesOphiceras ammonoidsConodontsFish remainsGyronitesAmbitesProptychitesKoninckitesVavilovitesKingites
Nowshera Formation
Devonian CoralsStromatoporoidsCephalopodsGastropodsBrachiopodsConodonts
Panjpir Formation
Ordovician–Silurian CrinoidsPelecypodsCephalopodsNautiloidsConodonts
Reshit Formation
Jurassic ForaminiferaOstracodsCrinoidsCoralsEchinoidsBrachiopodsAmmonites
Ribat Formation
Carboniferous Conodonts (Gnathodus, Siphonodella lobata)Brachiopods (spiriferids, productoids)Crinoids
Shogram Formation
Devonian Rugose coralsBrachiopodsConodontsTrilobites (Neocalmonia chitralensis, N. batillifera orientalis)
Staghar Cherty Limestone
Permian Conodonts (Late Permian: Gondolella)RadiolariaSponge spicules
Vandanil Formation
Devonian Conodonts (Pandorinellina steinhornensis miae, Ozarkodina spp., Amydrotaxis spp.)CrinoidsBrachiopodsTabulate coralsRugosansCalcareous algaeNautiloids
Yarkhun Formation
Ordovician Conodonts (Baltoniodus cf. medius)AcritarchsTrace fossils (Cruziana, Planolites)
Yashkuk Formation
Jurassic Benthic foraminiferaCalcareous algaeNannofossilsOstracods
Zait Limestone
Triassic ConodontsIsarcicella isarcicaIsarcicella staescheiHindeodus parvus
Fossil groupings are derived from each unit’s recorded fossil note and are a guide for browsing, not a formal palaeontological classification. Compiled from published geological literature.