Tredian Formation
Middle Triassic (Anisian)
Part of Musakhel Group
Triassic in the time scale →Cited in 7 sources Last reviewed Aug 2, 2026
- Rank
- Not recorded
- Status
- Published
- Age
- Mesozoic · Triassic · Middle TriassicMiddle Triassic (Anisian)
- Named by
- Kummel (1966), after E.R. Gee
- Type locality
- Tredian, Salt Range
- Thickness
- 50-100 m
- Lithology
- Red and purple sandstone with green mottling
- Synonyms
- Kingriali Sandstone
A colourful Middle Triassic sandstone unit deposited by rivers and deltas, sandwiched between two marine limestone/dolomite formations of the Salt Range.
Continental red bed sequence indicating arid to semi-arid conditions. Forms colorful outcrops throughout the Salt Range. Part of the Musakhel Group.
Fossils
Contacts
Band colour = period; texture = dominant rock type. Lines between bands mark the contact type. True scale makes height ∝ recorded thickness; hatched = thickness not recorded. Ages approximate, for ordering.
This unit (highlighted) within its province column; faded ends continue above and below. Line style marks the contact type.
Constituent units
Formations that make up this unit, in stratigraphic order (youngest at top, as in the column).
Distribution & setting
- Basin
- Not recorded
- Region
- Not recorded
- Depositional environment
- deltaic, continental, marginal marine
- Coordinates
- Not recorded
Correlation
Not recorded. Compare this unit against other basins on the correlation panel →
Economic significance
Not recorded
Remarks
A sandstone-dominated unit of the Triassic Musa Khel Group between the marine Mianwali and Kingriali carbonates, representing a progradational deltaic to fluvial clastic system; it is a producing reservoir interval in the Kohat-Potwar region.
Sources (7)
- Malkani, M.S. & Mahmood, Z. (2017). Stratigraphy of Pakistan. Geological Survey of Pakistan, Memoir Vol. 24.
- Kazmi, A.H. & Jan, M.Q. (1997). Geology and Tectonics of Pakistan. Graphic Publishers, Karachi.
- Indian Plate Lexicon (indplex.geolex.org), Geological Society of India and international compilation.
- Hemphill, W.R. & Kidwai, A.H. (1973). Stratigraphy of the Bannu and Dera Ismail Khan Areas, Pakistan. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 716-B (Geological Investigations in Pakistan), 36 p.
- Shah, S.M.I. (2009). Stratigraphy of Pakistan. Geological Survey of Pakistan, Memoir Vol. 22.
- Kazmi, A.H. & Abbasi, I.A. (2008). Stratigraphy and Historical Geology of Pakistan. Department & National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar. 524 pp. ISBN 978-969-9119.
- Gee, E.R. (edited by Gee, D.G.) (1989). Overview of the geology and structure of the Salt Range, with observations on related areas of northern Pakistan. In: Malinconico, L.L. & Lillie, R.J. (eds) Tectonics of the Western Himalayas. Geological Society of America Special Paper 232, 95-112.
Reviewer confidence: high
Every fact on this page is source-cited. This entry is part of the peer-archived Pakistan Stratigraphy Dataset (doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21363991, CC‑BY‑4.0).
Lexicon status: Name attested in the Shah (1977/2009) Geological Survey of Pakistan compilation — the national stratigraphic lexicon. This records where the name is documented; it is not an endorsement of the unit’s definition, age or figures.
Cite this unit
Qudsi, L. (2026). Tredian Formation. In Pakistan Stratigraphy Dataset [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21363991
@misc{stratigraphypk_tredianformation,
author = {Qudsi, Lareb},
title = {{Tredian Formation} --- Pakistan Stratigraphy Dataset},
year = {2026},
publisher = {Zenodo},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.21363991},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21363991}
} Archived dataset: doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21363991 (CC‑BY‑4.0) · Direct link to this entry: https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/tredian-formation (accessed August 30, 2026).
To cite the unit's original definition instead, see: Kummel (1966), after E.R. Gee.
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