Units
Geological units
285 formations · 19 provinces · 12 basins.
Correlate provinces side by side →
Kohat-Potwar Basin (Upper Indus)
56 units · 3 prov.Khyber-Hazara-Kashmir Basin (Uppermost Indus)
79 units · 4 prov.Sulaiman Basin (Middle Indus)
27 units · 1 prov.Kirthar Basin (Lower Indus)
32 units · 2 prov.Chagai-Raskoh Magmatic Arc
7 units · 1 prov.Makran-Siahan Basin (Arc-Trench Gap)
11 units · 1 prov.Kakar-Khurasan Basin (Back Arc)
11 units · 1 prov.Western Indus Suture
2 units · 1 prov.Kohistan-Ladakh Magmatic Arc
14 units · 1 prov.Karakoram-Hindukush Basin (Laurasia)
61 units · 2 prov.Himalayan Crystalline
4 units · 1 prov.Indo-Pakistan Shield (Precambrian Craton)
14 units · 1 prov.Salt Range
34Kohat-Potwar Basin (Upper Indus)
Foreland fold-and-thrust belt
Potwar Basin
36Kohat-Potwar Basin (Upper Indus)
Foreland basin with active deformation
Kohat Basin
52Kohat-Potwar Basin (Upper Indus)
Foreland fold-and-thrust belt
Hazara Basin
33Khyber-Hazara-Kashmir Basin (Uppermost Indus)
Himalayan fold-thrust belt, syntaxial zone
Azad Kashmir
12Khyber-Hazara-Kashmir Basin (Uppermost Indus)
Himalayan syntaxis and foreland
Sulaiman Fold Belt
27Sulaiman Basin (Middle Indus)
Foreland fold-and-thrust belt
Kirthar Range
21Kirthar Basin (Lower Indus)
Passive margin to foreland transition
Sindh Province
18Kirthar Basin (Lower Indus)
Stable foreland platform
Chagai Hills
7Chagai-Raskoh Magmatic Arc
Active volcanic arc, subduction-related
Makran Coast
11Makran-Siahan Basin (Arc-Trench Gap)
Active accretionary prism
Zhob-Muslim Bagh
11Kakar-Khurasan Basin (Back Arc)
Suture zone with obducted ophiolites
Bela-Khuzdar
2Western Indus Suture
Suture zone transitional to arc-trench
Kohistan Arc
14Kohistan-Ladakh Magmatic Arc
Oceanic island arc, inter-suture position
Karakoram
49Karakoram-Hindukush Basin (Laurasia)
Active collision zone, Asian plate margin
Hindukush-Chitral
13Karakoram-Hindukush Basin (Laurasia)
Asian plate margin, fold-thrust belt
Nanga Parbat Massif
4Himalayan Crystalline
Active syntaxial uplift zone
Indo-Pakistan Shield
14Indo-Pakistan Shield (Precambrian Craton)
Stable cratonic shield with scattered inselberg exposures and Himalayan tectonic windows
Khyber–Nowshera Belt
23Khyber-Hazara-Kashmir Basin (Uppermost Indus)
Northern Indus Suture; Peshawar-basin margin, Lesser Himalayan affinity
Swat–Malakand
16Khyber-Hazara-Kashmir Basin (Uppermost Indus)
Lesser Himalayan metasedimentary belt, Indian-plate affinity
Quaternary
2.6 Ma – now · 5 units
Cenozoic
66 – 2.6 Ma · 73 units
- Bahadurkhel Salt Paleogene
- Baltoro Granite Neogene
- Bara Formation Paleogene
- Baska Formation Paleogene
- Bostan Formation Quaternary
- Chamalang (=Ghazij) Group Paleogene
- Chashmai Formation Paleogene
- Chatti Formation Neogene
- Chaudhwan Formation Neogene
- Chinji Formation Neogene
- Chitarwata Formation Paleogene
- Chorgali Formation Paleogene
- Dhok Pathan Formation Neogene
- Domanda Formation Paleogene
- Drazinda Formation Paleogene
- Drug Formation Paleogene
- Dungan Formation Paleogene
- Early-Middle Eocene Kahan Group Paleogene
- Gaj Formation Neogene
- Ghazij Group Paleogene
- Gurguri Formation Paleogene
- Habib Rahi Formation Paleogene
- Hangu Formation Paleogene
- Hoshab Formation Paleogene–Neogene
- Hunza Plutonic Unit Paleogene
- Jatta Gypsum Paleogene
- Jiwani Formation Quaternary
- Kahan Group Paleogene
- Kamerod formation Quaternary
- Kamlial Formation Neogene
- Kech formation Quaternary
- Khadro Formation Paleogene
- Kingri Formation Paleogene
- Kirthar Formation Paleogene
- Koh-i-Sultan Volcanic Group Neogene–Quaternary
- Kuldana Formation Paleogene
- Lakhra Formation Paleogene
- Laki Formation Paleogene
- Litra Formation Neogene
- Lockhart Limestone Paleogene
- Manchar Group Neogene
- Manchhar Formation Neogene
- Margala Hill Limestone Paleogene
- Mina Formation Paleogene
- Murgha Faqirzai Formation Paleogene
- Murree Formation Neogene
- Nagri Formation Neogene
- Nammal Formation Paleogene
- Nari Formation Paleogene
- Ormara Formation Neogene
- Panjgur Formation Paleogene–Neogene
- Panoba Formation Paleogene
- Parkini Formation Neogene
- Patala Formation Paleogene
- Pirkoh Formation Paleogene
- Rakhi Gaj Formation Paleogene
- Ranikot Formation Paleogene
- Ranikot Group Paleogene
- Saindak Formation Paleogene
- Sakesar Formation Paleogene
- Sangiali Formation Paleogene
- Shagala Formation Paleogene
- Shagala Group Paleogene
- Shaheed Ghat Formation Paleogene
- Shekhan Formation Paleogene
- Siahan Formation Paleogene
- Sohnari Formation Paleogene
- Talar Formation Neogene
- Toi Formation Paleogene
- Vihowa Formation Neogene
- Vihowa Group Paleogene–Neogene
- Wakai limestone Paleogene
- Zurati formation Paleogene
Mesozoic
252 – 66 Ma · 75 units
- Aghil Limestone Triassic–Jurassic
- Akhtar Nika Formation Cretaceous
- Anjira Formation Jurassic
- Ashtigar formation Jurassic
- Barum formation Cretaceous
- Bdongo-La formation Jurassic
- Bela Ophiolite Cretaceous
- Besham Banda limestone Cretaceous
- Borom Formation Triassic
- Burji formationreview Cretaceous
- Chak Jabbi Limestone Triassic
- Chichali Formation Jurassic-Cretaceous
- Chilas Complex Cretaceous
- Chiltan Limestone Jurassic
- Darband formation Cretaceous
- Dark limestone Jurassic
- Datta Formation Jurassic
- Dilband Formation Jurassic
- Dir group Cretaceous–Paleogene
- Drosh formation Cretaceous
- Fort Munro Formation Cretaceous
- Fort Munro Group Cretaceous
- Gahirat limestonereview Cretaceous
- Gawuch formation Cretaceous
- Gilgit formation Jurassic
- Goru Formation Cretaceous
- Gwal Formation Triassic
- Humai Formation Cretaceous
- Indus Formation Cretaceous
- Jabrai Formation Cretaceous
- Jaglot group Jurassic–Cretaceous
- Kashala formation Triassic
- Katzarah formationreview Cretaceous–Paleogene
- Kawagarh Formation Cretaceous
- Khanozai Group Triassic
- Kingriali Formation Triassic
- Krinj limestonereview Cretaceous
- Landai formation Triassic
- Loralai Formation Jurassic
- Lumshiwal Formation Cretaceous
- Lun Shale Triassic
- Marpo sandstone Jurassic
- Mekhtar Formation (or Mekhtar Sandstone) Cretaceous
- Mianwali Formation Triassic
- Mughal Kot Formation Cretaceous
- Musakhel group Triassic
- Muslim Bagh Ophiolite Cretaceous
- Nakanai Ghar formationreview Triassic
- Nisai Limestone Cretaceous–Paleogene
- Pab Sandstone Cretaceous
- Parh Group Cretaceous
- Parh Limestone Cretaceous
- Purit formation Cretaceous
- Rakhshani formation Cretaceous–Paleogene
- Reshit Formation Jurassic
- Reshun Formation Cretaceous
- Saidu formation Triassic–Jurassic
- Samana Suk Formation Jurassic
- Sembar Formation Cretaceous
- Shigar group Cretaceous–Paleogene
- Shinawari Formation Jurassic
- Shittinbar formation Cretaceous
- Sinjrani Volcanic Group Cretaceous
- Skardu groupreview Cretaceous–Paleogene
- Spingwar Formation Triassic
- Sulaiman Group Jurassic
- Surghar Group Jurassic
- Tekri formation Jurassic
- Thelichi formation Cretaceous
- Tredian Formation Triassic
- Vitakri Formation Cretaceous
- Wulgai Formation Triassic
- Yashkuk formation Jurassic
- Yasin group Cretaceous
- Zait limestone Triassic
Paleozoic
541 – 252 Ma · 75 units
- Abbottabad Formation Cambrian
- Ailak formation Permian–Triassic
- Ali Masjid formationreview Devonian
- Ali Masjid groupreview
- Alpurai groupreview
- Amb Formation Permian
- Ambar formationreview Cambrian
- Arkari formation Permian–Jurassic
- Atark Formation Permian
- Baghanwala Formation Cambrian
- Bampokha groupreview
- Baroghil group Ordovician–Silurian
- Bauma Harel formation Ordovician
- Burawai formation Cambrian
- Chalt formation Carboniferous–Permian
- Chapursan group Permian–Triassic
- Chhidru Formation Permian
- Chidru Formation Permian
- Chikar formation Cambrian
- Chilmarabad formation Devonian
- Chushal Formation Carboniferous
- Dandot Formation Permian
- Darkot Group Carboniferous–Permian
- Darwaza Formationreview
- Ganchen formation Devonian–Permian
- Gharil formation Permian–Triassic
- Gircha formation Permian
- Gum formation Permian
- Hazira Formation Cambrian
- Hisartang Formationreview Ordovician
- Inzari Limestonereview Devonian
- Jafar Kandao Formation Devonian–Carboniferous
- Jobra formation Ordovician
- Jutana Formation Cambrian
- Khewra Sandstone Cambrian
- Khisor Formation Cambrian
- Khyber limestone Carboniferous–Permian
- Kundil formation Permian
- Kussak Formation Cambrian
- Landikotal formationreview Ordovician–Silurian
- Lashkargaz formation Permian
- Lowara Mena formation Carboniferous
- Lupghar formation Permian
- Lupsuk formation Carboniferous
- Mansehra Granite Cambrian
- Margach formation Devonian–Carboniferous
- Marghazar formation Carboniferous
- Mekhband formation Permian
- Naran formationreview
- Nilawahan Group Permian
- Nowshera Formation Devonian
- Owsi Nala limestone Silurian
- Panjal Formation Carboniferous–Permian
- Panjal Group Carboniferous–Permian
- Panjpir Formation Ordovician–Silurian
- Panjshah formation Permian
- Pir Sabak formation Devonian
- Rawat formation Permian
- Ribat formation Carboniferous
- Sardhi Formation Permian
- Sewakht formation Devonian
- Shagai formationreview Silurian–Devonian
- Shaksgam formation Permian
- Shogram Formation Devonian
- Staghar Cherty limestone Permian
- Thalle limestone Ordovician
- Tobra Formation Permian
- Tursak formation Silurian–Devonian
- Twin Valley member Carboniferous
- Vidiakot formation Ordovician
- Warcha Formation Permian
- Wargal Limestone Permian
- Wirokhun formation Permian–Triassic
- Yarkhun formation Silurian
- Zaluch Group Permian
Precambrian
> 541 Ma · 32 units
- Baltit group Precambrian
- Banna formation Precambrian
- Besham Group Archean-Paleoproterozoic
- Chiniot Granite Neoproterozoic
- Gandaf formation Proterozoic
- Hachi groupreview Neoproterozoic
- Harmosh formationreview
- Hazara Formation Neoproterozoic
- Iskere Gneiss Paleoproterozoic
- Kaghan groupreview
- Karora formationreview
- Kirana Group Neoproterozoic
- Mangla Gneiss Paleoproterozoic
- Manglour formationreview
- Miranjani limestone Precambrian
- Misgar Slate Neoproterozoic-Cambrian
- Nagarparkar Igneous Complex Neoproterozoic
- Nanga Parbat Gneiss Mesoproterozoic
- Petaro-Hyderabad Ridge Proterozoic
- Salkhala Formation Neoproterozoic
- Salt Range Formation Ediacaran
- Sargodha Ridge Basement Archean-Proterozoic
- Shahkot formation Precambrian
- Sharban formationreview Neoproterozoic
- Sharban groupreview Neoproterozoic
- Sharda groupreview
- Shekhai formation Precambrian
- Shingus Gneiss Paleoproterozoic
- Surgun group Precambrian
- Taguwali formationreview Neoproterozoic
- Tanawal Formation Neoproterozoic
- Uch Khattak formation Precambrian
Igneous · metamorphic · unclassified
25 units
- Baintha group
- Chikchi-ri shale
- Chogo Lungma group
- Chutrun limestone
- Duma formation
- Dumordo formation
- Ghundai Sar formation
- Girarai formation
- Gorag Formation
- Hispar Sar group
- Khalkal formation
- Kishar formation
- Kundalshahi Group
- Langrial limestone
- Lwarani Mela limestone
- Mahandri formation
- Malandrai member
- Naril group
- Rajawal formation
- Savoia formation
- Singhie Shales
- Sobrah formation
- Spinkai formation
- Tilgram formation
- Warran Ghundai formation